The Immune System and immunity in swine: General features
This article introduces us to the complex world of porcine immunology.
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This article introduces us to the complex world of porcine immunology.
This article summarizes the primary (thymus and bone marrow) and secondary (lymph nodes, spleen, MALT, tonsils, and skin immune system) lymphoid organs in pig.
This article reviews major immune cells: Neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells...
What the cytokines are, what they do and how they work on the immune system.
Recognition of the pathogen is the first step of defensive immune response; both innate and specific immunity have mechanism to recognize the pathogen.
The role of each player in the innate immunity response: Type 1 Interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, complement, acute phase proteins, antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, NK cells, γ/δ T lymphocytes,...
The main mechanism of defense against intracellular infections, particularly virus.
Specific humoral immunity is mediated by glycoproteins called antibodies or immunoglobulins.
In the primary humoral immune response, a single class IgM in monomeric form is initially secreted. The secondary response induced by a subsequent exposure to the same antigen will be mainly characterized by the production of IgG isotype but at higher titre and affinity.
Mucosal surfaces, constantly exposed to foreign antigens, have developed the ability to protect the host from potentially harmful organisms by means of innate and acquired immune responses.
The skin is the first defensive line, as is the largest organ of the body.
The immune, endocrine and central nervous systems communicate through anatomical and hormonal-neuropeptides pathways.
This article discuss about the protection of the placenta, the colostrum, the immunity conferred by milk and the congenital acquired immunity of the piglet.
Nowadays several laboratory techniques allow to evaluate the cellular immune response.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum virus neutralization test, haemoagglutination test, and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay are explained.